Suffragists, Sistahs and Riot Grrrls


WS 240 Class Notes

April 19, 2001


*    Quiz: individual and group
*    Return Essay #3 draft, other mics.
*    Presentations (2) of honor credit book readings
*    Evaluation of class

*    Presentation #1: Whores and Other Feminists (ed. Jill Nagle)
    *    An anthology of essays by (feminist) sex workers (highly recommended book)
    *    Note: sex workers include: phone sex operators, strippers, prostitutes, film and print pornography actresses/models, escorts, Dominatrix, etc.)

*    Major Points:
    *    During 1980s there was a war over sexually explicit materials and sexual exploitation.
        *    Anti-pornography folks generally against pornography of any type, for censorship/eradication of pornography, believe that prostitution, stripping, etc is
                    an exploitation of women, view pornography as degrading, a violent exploitation of women.
        *    Pro-pornography folks generally against censorship of any kind, don't find pornography exploitative.
        *    Recently there has been a movement for sex-workers' rights and a focus on the women themselves, not on the media or "exploitation" of women by men.
    *    Accomplishments of the movement
        *    Creation of the term 'sex work' (before there was not an umbrella neutral term)
        *    Acknowledgement of sex work as a valid form of employment
        *    Acknowledgement of sex work as work—laborous
        *    Creation of the possibility of workers' rights
            *    Two particular sex worker rights groups are centered in San Francisco (Coyote) and New York.
            *    There has been some unionization among sex workers for set hourly wage, health benefits etc.
        *    Sex work is inherently queer
    *    There was and still in a criminalization of sex work, the prosecution and conviction of which is skewed heavily toward women
    *    Koren's Critique
        *    Many of the women writing the book came into the profession of sex work as progressive feminists with educations; sex work was not their only option
               for income
        *    The women writing the book do not represent the majority profile of sex workers
    *    Q/A session:
        *    Who sets the standards for workers' rights?
        *    Why would educated women choose this option?
            *    In order to belong to a radical sex community
            *    For the money
            *    Because they want to be involved in a positive power/control relationship
        *    What does the "queer" factor play in this situation (#4, above)?
            *    Actual gay/lesbian/transgender/transsexual sex work not covered well in book
            *    Also, selling sex is not "normal," thus sex work is "queer"
        *    How do feminists support this? Isn't sex work oppressing?
            *    Women viewed as having the most power in strip clubs
            *    All women are paid for sex! Either through marriage, economic security or directly

*    Presentation #2: Science and Gender (Ruth Bleier, M.D. Neurobiology)
    *    Takes popular scientific theories and gives them a feminist reading (highly recommended book)

*    Science is generally believed to be unbiased and factual--> Not true!!!
*    'Bad science' (biased, unfactual theories/studies) is pervasive and well covered (as good science) by media
*    Examples of readings:
    *    Biological determination
        *    Humans are animals, thus follow animal behavior patterns
        *    The maximization of gene survival requires the maximization of reproduction
        *    Males have very little investment in production (thousands of sperm produced daily, no bodily attachment to fetus)
        *    Women have very high investment in production (only limited number of eggs produced over a lifetime, year-long attachment to fetus/baby)
        *    Thus, it is "natural" for men to be aggressive in finding women to mate with (limited number of women available at any given time), "natural" for men to
                procreate with many different females, and it is "natural" for women to have a maternal instinct
        *    This completely ignores social, political and economic factors in human lives
    *    Boys and girls' abilities in math/science
        *    1980s study determined (through good method but poor analysis) that boys were inherently better at math and science
        *    Definition of inherent: unaffected by environmental factors (such as breathing, heartbeat), thus any ability in academic subjects in NEVER INHERENT!!!
        *    Study did not take into account race, class factors, and especially did not consider how boys and girls are educated
    *    Take Home Message:
        *    ALWAYS QUESTION EVERYTHING!!!!!!!
        *    Also, advertisement misuses science