READ the three Treaties you'll find at the end of this document:

1. Treaty of Hopewell, on the Keowee, near Seneca Old Town with the Chickasaw, Jan. 10, 1786
2. Point-No-Point Suquamish Head Treaty, Washington Territory, Jan. 26, 1855
3. Amended Agreement of Lac Traverse, Dakota Territory with the Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands of Sioux, May 2, 1873

HIGHLIGHT any wording or provisions that seem ambiguous to you

BRING, TYPED, in list form the answers to questions 1 through 6 for each treaty

1. When & where was the treaty negotiated, signed, ratified?
2. Are there any time limits on treaty provisions referred to in the treaty? E.g. length of annuity payments, number of years a service to be provided? Give 1 example.
3. To whom do any annuities, rations, education, etc. go? List one example of goods or services promised by US
4. What is the goal of the treaty? Friendship, alliance, peace, etc.?
5. Briefly describe any land transfers mentioned.
6. Briefly describe any reserved rights that tribes reserve to themselves.

 
7 Stat. 24.

Articles of a treaty, concluded at Hopewell, on the Keowe'e, near Seneca Old Town, between Benjamin Hawkins, Andrew Pickens, and Joseph Martin, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, of the one Part; and Piomingo, Head Warrior and First Minister of the Chickasaw Nation; Mingatushka, one of the leading Chiefs; and Latopoia, first beloved Man of the said Nation, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of all the Chickasaws, of the other Part.

The Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America give peace to the Chickasaw Nation, and receive them into the favor and protection of the said States, on the following conditions:

ARTICLE 1. The Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the Chickasaw nation, shall restore all the prisoners, citizens of the United States, to their entire liberty, if any there be in the Chickasaw nation. They shall also restore all the negroes, and all other property taken during the late war, from the citizens, if any there be in the Chickasaw nation, to such person, and at such time and place, as the Commissioners of the United States of America shall appoint.

ARTICLE 2. The Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the Chickasaws, do hereby acknowledge the tribes and the towns of the Chickasaw nation, to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other sovereign whosoever.

ARTICLE 3. The boundary of the lands hereby allotted to the Chickasaw nation to live and hunt on, within the limits of the United States of America, is, and shall be the following, viz: Beginning on the ridge that divides the waters running into the Cumberland, from those running into the Tennessee, at a point in a line to be run north-east, which shall strike the Tennessee at the mouth of Duck river; thence running westerly along the said ridge, till it shall strike the Ohio; thence down the southern banks thereof to the Mississippi; thence down the same, to the Choctaw line or Natches district; thence along the said line, or the line of the district eastwardly as far as the Chickasaws claimed, and lived and hunted on, the twenty-ninth of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-two. Thence the said boundary, east-wardly, shall be the lands allotted to the Choctaws and Cherokees to live and hunt on, and the lands at present in the possession of the Creeks; saving and reserving for the establishment of a trading post, a tract or parcel of land to be laid out at the lower port of the Muscle shoals, at the mouth of Ocochappo, in a circle, the diameter of which shall be five miles on the (a) river, which post, and the lands annexed thereto, shall be to the use and under the government-,bf the United States of America.

ARTICLE 4. If any citizen of the United States, or other person not being an Indian, shall attempt to settle on any of the lands hereby allotted to the Chickasaws to live and hunt on, such person shall forfeit the protection of the United States of America, and the Chickasaws may punish him or not as they please.

ARTICLE 5. If any Indian or Indians, or persons residing among them, or who shall take refuge in their nation, shall commit a robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any citizen of the United States, or person under their protection, the tribe to which such offender or offenders may belong, or the nation, shall be bound to deliver him or them up to be punished according to the ordinances of the United States in Congress assembled: Provided, that the punishment shall not be greater, than if the robbery or murder, or other capital crime, had been committed by a citizen on a citizen.

ARTICLE 6. If any citizen of the United States of America, or person under their protection, shall commit a robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any Indian, such offender or offenders shall be punished in the same manner as if the robbery or murder or other capital crime had been committed on a citizen of the United States of America; and the punishment shall be in presence of some of the Chickasaws, if any will attend at the time and place, and that they may have an opportunity so to do, due notice, if practicable, of such intended punishment, shall be sent to some one of the tribes.

ARTICLE 7. It is understood that the punishment of the innocent under the idea of retaliation is unjust, and shall not be practiced on either side, except where there is a manifest violation of this treaty; and then it shall be preceded, first by a demand of justice, and if refused, then by a declaration of hostilities.

ARTICLE 8. For the benefit and comfort of the Indians, and for the prevention of injuries or oppressions on the part of the citizens or Indians, the United States in Congress assembled shall have the sole and exclusive right of regulating the trade with the Indians, and managing all their affairs in such manner as they think proper.

ARTICLE 9. Until the pleasure of Congress be known respecting the eighth article, all traders, citizens of the United States, shall have liberty to go to any of the tribes or towns of the Chickasaws to trade with them, and they shall be protected in their persons and property, and kindly treated.

ARTICLE 10. The said Indians shall give notice to the citizens of the United States of America, of any designs which they may know or suspect to be formed in any neighboring tribe, or by any person whosoever, against the peace: trade or interests of the United States of America.

ARTICLE 11. The hatchet shall be forever buried, and the peace given by the United States of America, and friendship re-established between the said States on the one part, and the Chickasaw nation on the other part, shall be universal, and the contracting parties shall use their utmost endeavors to maintain the peace given as aforesaid, and friendship re-established.
In witness of all and every thing herein contained, between the said States and Chickasaws, we, their underwritten commissioners, by virtue of our full powers, have signed this definitive treaty, and have caused our seals to be hereunto affixed.

Done at Hopewell, on the Keowee, this tenth day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-six.

Benjamin Hawkins,
Andrew Pickens,
Jos Martin,
Piomingo, his x mark,
Mingatushka, his x mark,
Latopoia, his x mark,
 
Witness:

Wm. Blount, Wm. Hazard, Sam. Taylor, James Cole, Sworn Interpreter.
 

Source: Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Vol. 11. (Treaties.) Compiled and Edited by Charles J. Kappler, LL. M., Clerk to the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1904

"Whereas, the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands of Dakota or Sioux Indians made and concluded a treaty with the United States, at the city of Washington, D. C., on the 19th day of February, A. D. 1867, which was ratified, with certain amendments, by the Senate of the United States on the 15th day of April, 1867, and finally promulgated by the President of the United States on the 2d day of May, in the year aforesaid, by which the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands of Sioux Indians ceded to the United States certain privileges and rights supposed to belong to said bands in the territory described in article 2 of said treaty, and

"Whereas, it is desirable that all said territory, except the portion thereof comprised in what is termed the permanent reservations, particularly described in articles 3 and 4 of said treaty, shall be ceded absolutely to the United States, upon such consideration as in justice and equity should be paid therefor by the United States; and

"Whereas, said territory, now proposed to be ceded, is no longer available to said Indians for the purposes of the chase, and such value or consideration is essentially necessary in order to enable said bands interested therein to cultivate portions of said permanent reservations, and become wholly self-supporting by the cultivation of the soil and other pursuits of husbandry; therefore, the said bands, represented in said treaty, and parties thereto, by their chiefs and head-men, now assembled in council, do propose to M. N. Adams, William H. Forbes, and James Smith, jr., commissioners on behalf of the United States, as follows:

"First. To cede, sell, and relinquish to the United States all their right, title, and interest in and to all lands and territory, particularly described in article 2 of said treaty, as well as all lands in the Territory of Dakota to which they have title or interest, excepting the said tracts particularly described and bounded in articles 3 and 4 of said treaty, which last named tracts and territory are expressly reserved, as permanent reservations for occupancy and cultivation, as contemplated by articids 8, 9, and 10 of said treaty.

"Second. That, in consideration of said cession and relinquishment, the United States shall advance and pay, annually, for the term of ten years from and after the acceptance by the United States of the proposition herein submitted, eighty thousand (80,000) dollars, to be expended under the direction of the President of the United States, on the plan and in accordance with the provisions of the treaty aforesaid, dated February 19, 1867, for goods and provisions, for the erection of manual-labor and public school-houses, and for the support of manual-labor and public schools, and in the erection of mills, blacksmith-shops, and other work-shops, and to aid in opening farms, breaking land, and fencing the same, and in furnishing agricultural implements, oxen, and milk-cows, and such other beneficial objects as may be deemed most conducive to the prosperity and happiness of the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands of Dakota or Sioux Indians entitled thereto according to the said treaty of February 19, 1867. Such annual appropriation or consideration to be apportioned to the Sisseton and Devil's Lake agencies, in proportion to the number of Indians of the said bands located upon the Lake Traverse and Devil's Lake reservations respectively. Such apportionment to, be made upon the basis of the annual reports or returns of the agents in charge. Said consideration, amounting, in the aggregate, to eight hundred thousand (800,000) dollars, payable as aforesaid, without interest.

"Third. As soon as may be, the said territory embraced within said reservation described in article 4, (Devil's Lake reservation) shall be surveyed, as Government lands are surveyed, for the purpose of enabling the Indians entitled to acquire permanent rights in the soil, as contemplated by article V of said treaty.

"Fourth. We respectfully request that, in case the foregoing propositions are favorably entertained by the United States, the sale of spirituous liquors upon the territory ceded may be wholly prohibited by the United States Government.

"Fifth. The provisions of article V of the treaty of February 19, 1867, to be modified as follows: An occupancy and cultivation of five acres, upon any particular location, for a term of five consecutive years, shall entitle the party to a patent for forty acres; a like occupancy and cultivation of ten acres, to entitle the party to eighty acres; and a like occupancy and cultivation of any tract, to the extent of twenty acres, shall entitle the party so occupying and cultivating to a patent for 160 acres of land. Parties who have already selected farms and cultivated the same, may be entitled to the benefit of this modification. Patents so issued, (as herein before set forth) shall authorize a transfer or alienation of such lands situate within the Sisseton agency, after the expiration of ten years from this date, and within the Devil's Lake reservation after the expiration of fifteen years, but not sooner.

Sixth. The consideration to be paid, as herein before proposed, is in addition to the provisions of Article VI of the treaty of February 19, 1867, under which Congress shall appropriate from time to time, such an amount as may be required to meet the necessities of said Indians to enable them to become civilized.

"Seventh. Sections sixteen and thirty-six within the reservations shall be set apart for educational purposes, and all children of a suitable age within either reservation shall be compelled to attend school at the discretion of the agents.

"Eighth. At the expiration of ten years from this date, all members of said bands, under the age of twenty-one years shall receive forty acres of land from said permanent reservations in fee simple.

"Ninth. At the expiration of ten years, the President of the United States shall sell or dispose of all the remaining or unoccupied lands in the lake Traverse reservation, (excepting that which may hereafter be set apart for school purposes;) the proceeds of the sale of such lands to be expended for the benefit of the members of said bands located on said Lake Traverse; and, at the expiration of fifteen years, the President shall sell or dispose of all the remaining unoccupied lands (excepting that which may hereafter be set apart for school purposes) in the Devil's Lake reservation; the proceeds of the sales of such lands shall be expended for the benefit of all members of said bands who may be located on the said Devil's Lake reservation.

"Executed at Sisseton Agency, Dakota Territory, Lake Traverse reservation, this 20th day of September, A. D. 1872.

And whereas, the Congress of the United States, upon consideration of the provisions of said agreement herein before recited, did, by the act making appropriations for the current and contingent expenses of the Indian department, and for fulfilling treaty stipulations with various Indian tribes, for the year ending June thirtieth, eighteen hundred and seventy-four, and for other purposes, approved February 14th, 1873, provide as follows, to wit: "For this amount, being the first of ten installments of the sum of eight hundred thousand dollars named in a certain agreement made by the commissioners appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, under the provisions of the act of June seventh, eighteen hundred and seventy-two, with the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands of Sioux Indians for the relinquishment by said Indians of their  claim to, or interest in, the lands described in the second article of the treaty made with them February nineteenth, eighteen hundred and sixty-seven: the same to be expended under the direction of the President, for the benefit of said Indians, in the manner prescribed in said treaty of eighteen hundred and sixty-seven, as amended by the Senate, eighty thousand dollars. And the said agreement is hereby confirmed, excepting so much thereof as is included in paragraphs numbered respectively, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth: Provided, That no part of this amount shall be expended until after the ratification, by said Indians, of said agreement as hereby amended."

And whereas, the said Bands of Dakota or Sioux Indians have been duly assembled in council, and therein represented by the chiefs and head-men, and the provisions of said act of Congress, and amendments thereby made to the said above recited agreement, having been fully explained by the commissioners on the part of the United States, and the said agreement as amended having been fully interpreted, and now being understood, we the said chiefs and head-men of the said Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands, duly authorized by our people so to do, do hereby accept, assent to, confirm, ratify and agree to the said amendments, and to the said agreement as amended, and declare that the same is, and shall hereafter be binding upon us and the members of said Bands.

Witness our hands and seals at the Lac Traverse agency, Dakota Territory, this second day of May, A. D. 1873.

Gabriell Renville. Wamdienpiduta, his x mark. Taeandupahotanka, his x mark. Wieanspinupa. Eutinkiya. Hokxidannaxte, his x mark. Wakanto, his x mark. Wamdiduta, his x mark. Waxicumnaza, his x mark. Wasukiye, his x mark. Tacaurpipeta, his x mark. Akieitanajin, his x mark. Xupehiyu, his x mark. Magaiyahe, his x mark. Peter Tapetatonka. Tamniyage, his x mark. Itojanjan, his x mark. Inihan, his x mark. Michel Renvill. lxakiye, his x mark. Paul Mazawakutemani, his x mark. Elias Oranwayakapi. Kampeska, his x mark. Simon Anawagmani, his x mark. John R. Renvill. Daniel Renville. Taokiyeota, his x mark. Mechael Paul. John Waniyarpeya, his x mark. Robert Hopkins. Alex. La Framboise.

We certify, on honor, that we were present and witnessed the signatures of the Indians as above.

G. H. Hawes. H. T. Lovett. Jno. L. Hodgman. Charles P. LaGrange.

I hereby certify, on honor, that I have fully explained to the Indians in council, the above instrument, and that the Indians acknowledged the same to be well understood by them. Thos. A Robertson, Interpreter.

Executed at Sisseton agency, Lake Traverse Reservation, D. T., this second day of May, 1873.

Mosess N. Adams, James Smith, jr. Commissioners.

Devil's Lake Reservation, Fort Totten agency, D. T., May 19, 1873.

Wah-na-ta, his x mark. Tee-oh-wash-tag, his x mark. Mah-pee-ah-keo-den, his x mark. E-ehah-na-gee-kah, his x mark. Mat-te-o-he-ehat-kah, his x mark. Ou-s(e)-pe-ka-ge, his x mark. Chan-te-ma-za, his x mark. Ca-do-ze, his x mark. Wa-kin-yan-ro-ta, his x mark. I-car-ta-ke, his x mark. In-im-u-sa-pa, his x mark. Mu-i-ya,to-ho-nax-te, his x mark. Ton-wau-non-pa, his x mark. We-i-za-ka-ma-za Ma-ka-na-hu-hu-za. Ma-ka-i-de-ya, his x mark. Xip-to, his x mark. Wa-ka-no-ki-ta, his x mark. Ta-te-o-pax-im-a-ni, his x mark. Ru-pahn-wa-kam-a, his x mark. A-ki-ci-ta-du-ta, his x mark. Ta-wa-cin-ha, his x mark. Ru-pahu-wax-te, his x' ark. Ri-o-in-yan-i-yan-ke, TSx mark. Ran-in-wan-ke, his x mark. A-ki-ci-tam-a-ne, his x mark. Maza-ka-hom-ni. Wam-di-hi-ye-ya, his x mark. Wi-cer-pi-wa-kan-na, his x mark. Wax-i-em-u-nape-wu-az-u-za, his x mark. Ha-oih-da, his x mark. Wam-di-o-ki-ga, his x.mark. Wa-kan-hoi-ma-za, his x mark. He-wa-kan-na, his x mark. 1-han-gi, his x mark. Ma-koi-ya-te, his x mark. Ta-rin-ca-sin-te, his x mark. Na-gi-wa-kan, his x mark. We-ei-ni-han, his x mark. Ca-je-wan-i-ea, his x mark.

Wan-di-cax-kpi, his x mark. Tate, his x mark. U-jin-pi, his x mark. Hint-ka-ro-ta, his x mark. Hin-han-xo-na, his x mark.

 
Witnesses to signatures of above chiefs and soldiers, Lewis Cass Hunt, Lieut. Col. 20th Infantry. James B. Ferguson, Act. Asst. Surgeon, U. S. A.

I hereby certify, upon honor, that I have fully explained to the Indians the above instrument and that the Indians acknowledge the same to be well understood by them. George H. Faribault, Interpreter. Executed at the Fort Totten agency, "Devil's Lake" reservation, this 19th day of May, 1873, in open council, by the Sisseton and Wahpeton and "Cut-Head" bands of Sioux not included in the Sisseton and Wahpeton bands of Sioux of "Lac Travers" reservation, who signed this, on the 2nd of May, 1873, as above written.

James Smith, Jr., Wm. H. Forbes, Moses N. Adams, Commissioners.

Source: Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Vol. 11. (Treaties.) Compiled and Edited by Charles J. Kappler, LL. M., Clerk to the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs. Washington: Government Printing Office. 1904.

12 Stat., 933. Ratified Mar. 8, 1859. Proclaimed Apr. 29, 1859.

Articles of agreement and convention made and concluded at Hahdskus, or Point no Point, Suquamish Head, in the Territory of Washington, this twenty-sixth day of January, eighteen hundred and fifty-five, by Isaac I. Stevens, governor and superintendent of Indian affairs for the said Territory, on the part of the United States, and the undersigned chiefs, headmen, and delegates of the different villages of the S'Klallams, viz: Kah-tai, Squah-quaihtl Tch-queen Ste-tehtlum, Tsohkw, Yennis, Elh-wa, Pishtst, Hunnint, Klat-la-wash, and Oke-ho, and also of the Sko-ko-mish, To-an-hooch, and Chem-a-kum tribes, occupying certain lands on the Straits of Fuca and Hood's Canal, in the Territory of Washington, on behalf of said tribes, and duly authorized by them.

ARTICLE 1. The said tribes and bands of Indians hereby cede, relinquish, and convey to the United States all their right, title, and interest in and to the lands and country occupied by them, bounded and described as follows, viz: Commencing at the mouth of the Okeho River, on the Straits of Fuca; thence southeastwardly along the westerly line of territory claimed by the Makah tribe of Indians to the summit of the Cascade Range; thence still southeastwardly and southerly along said summit to the head of the west branch of the Satsop River, down that branch to the main fork; thence eastwardly and following the line of lands heretofore ceded to the United States by the Nisqually and other tribes and bands of Indians, to the summit of the Black Hills, and northeastwardly to the portage known as Wilkes' Portage; thence northeastwardly, and following the line of lands heretofore ceded to the United States by the Dwamish, Suquamish, and other tribes and bands of Indians, to Suquamish Head; thence northerly through Admiralty Inlet to the Straits of Fuca; thence westwardly through said straits to the place of beginning; including all the right, title, and interest of the said tribes and bands to any land in the Territory of Washington.

ARTICLE 2. There is, however, reserved for the present use and occupation of the said tribes and bands the following tract of land, viz: The amount of six sections, or three thousand eight hundred and forty acres, situated at the head of Hood's Canal, to be hereafter set apart, and so far as necessary, surveyed and marked out for their exclusive use; nor shall any white man be permitted to reside upon the same without permission of the said tribes and bands, and of the superintendent or agent; but, if necessary for the public convenience, roads may be run through the said reservation, the Indians being compensated for any damage thereby done them. It is, however, understood that should the President of the United States hereafter see fit to place upon the said reservation any other friendly tribe or band, to occupy the same in common with those above mentioned, he shall be at liberty to do so.

ARTICLE 3. The said tribes and bands agree to remove to and settle upon the said reservation within one year after the ratification of this treaty, or sooner if the means are furnished them. In the mean time, it shall be lawful for them to reside upon any lands not in the actual claim or occupation of citizens of the United States, and upon any land claimed or occupied, if with the permission of the owner.

ARTICLE 4. The right of taking fish at usual and accustomed grounds and stations is further secured to said Indians, in common with all citizens of the United States; and of erecting temporary houses for the purpose of curing; together with the privilege of hunting and gathering roots and berries on open and unclaimed lands. Provided, however, That they shall not take shell-fish from any beds staked or cultivated by citizens.

ARTICLE 5. In consideration of the above cession the United States agree to pay to the said tribes and bands the sum of sixty thousand dollars, in the following manner, that is to say: during the first year after the ratification hereof, six thousand dollars; for the next two years, five thousand dollars each year; for the next three years, four thousand dollars each year; for the next four years, three thousand dollars each year; for the next five years, two thousand four hundred dollars each year; and for the next five years, one thousand six hundred dollars each year. All which said sums of money shall be applied to the use and benefit of the said Indians under the direction of the President of the United States, who may from time to time determine at his discretion upon what beneficial objects to expend the same. And the superintendent of Indian affairs, or other proper officer, shall each year inform the President of the wishes of said Indians in respect thereto.

ARTICLE 6. To enable the said Indians to remove to and settle upon their aforesaid reservations, and to clear, fence, and break up a sufficient quantity of land for cultivation, the United States further agree to pay the sum of six thousand dollars, to be laid out and expended under the direction of the President, and in such manner as he shall approve.

ARTICLE 7. The President may hereafter, when in his opinion the interests of the Territory shall require, and the welfare of said Indians be promoted, remove them from said reservation to such other suitable place or places within said Territory as he may deem fit, on remunerating them for their improvements and the expenses of their removal; or may consolidate them with other friendly tribes or bands. And he may ftirther, at his discretion, cause the whole or any portion of the lands hereby reserved, or of such other lands as may be selected in lieu thereof, to be surveyed into lots, and assign the same to such individuals or families as are willing to avail themselves of the privilege, and will locate thereon as a permanent home, on the same terms and subject to the same regulations as are provided in the sixth article of the treaty with the Omahas, so far as the same may be applicable. Any substantial improvements heretofore made by any Indian, and which he shall be compelled to abandon in consequence of this treaty, shall be valued under the direction of the President, and payment made therefor accordingly.

ARTICLE 8. The annuities of the aforesaid tribes and bands shall not be taken to pay the debts of individuals.

ARTICLE 9. The said tribes and bands acknowledge their dependence on the Government of the United
States, and promise to be friendly with all citizens thereof; and they pledge themselves to commit no
depredations on the property of such citizens. And should any one or more of them violate this pledge,
and the fact be satisfactorily proven before the agent, the property taken shall be returned, or in default
thereof, or if injured or destroyed, compensation may be made by the Government out of their annuities.
Nor will they make war on any other tribe, except in self-defence, but will submit all matters of
difference between them and other Indians to the Government of the United States, or its agent, for
decision, and abide thereby. And if any of the said Indians commit any depredations on any other
Indians within the Terri~(~ry, the same rule shall prevail as that prescribed in this article in cases of
depredations against citiz , eps. And the said tribes agree not to shelter or conceal offenders against the
United States, but to deriver them up for trial by the authorities.

ARTICLE 10. The above tribes and bands are desirous to exclude from their reservation the use of ardent spirits, and to prevent their people from drinking the same, and therefore it is provided that any Indian belonging thereto who shall be guilty of bringing liquor into said reservation, or who drinks liquor, may have his or her proportion of the annuities withheld from him or her for such time as the President may determine.

ARTICLE 11. The United States further agree to establish at the general agency for the district of Puget's Sound, within one year from the ratification hereof, and to support for the period of twenty years, an agricultural and industrial school, to be free to children of the said tribes and bands in common with those of the other tribes of said district, and to provide a smithy and carpenter's shop, and furnish them with the necessary tools, and employ a blacksmith, carpenter, and farmer for the term of twenty years, to instruct the Indians in their respective occupations. And the United States further agree to employ a physician to reside at the said central agency, who shall furnish medicine and advice to the sick, and shall vaccinate them; the expenses of the said school, shops, persons employed, and medical attendance to be defrayed by the United States, and not deducted from the annuities.

ARTICLE 12. The said tribes and bands agree to free all slaves now held by them, and not to purchase or acquire others hereafter.

ARTICLE 13. The said tribes and bands finally agree not to trade at Vancouver's Island, or elsewhere out of the dominions of the United States, nor shall foreign Indians be permitted to reside in their reservations without consent of the superintendent or agent.

ARTICLE 14. This treaty shall be obligatory on the contracting parties as soon as the same shall be ratified by the President of the United States.

In testimony whereof, the said Isaac I. Stevens, governor and superintendent of Indian affairs, and the undersigned chiefs, headmen, and delegates of the aforesaid tribes and bands of Indians have hereunto set their hands and seals at the place and on the day and year hereinbefore written.

Isaac I. Stevens, governor and superintendent.

Chits-a-mah-han, the Duke of York, Chief of the S'klallams, his x mark.
Dah-whil-luk, Chief of the Sko-ko mush, his x mark.
Kul-kah-han, or General Pierce, Chief of the Chem-a-kum, his x mark.
Hool-hole-tan, or Jim, Sko-ko-mish, sub-chief, his x mark.
Sai-a-kade, or Frank, Sko-ko-mish, sub-chief, his x mark.
Loo-gweh-oos, or George, Sko-ko-mish, sub-chief, his x mark.
E-dagh-tan, or Tom, Sko-ko-mish, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kai-a-han, or Daniel Webster, Chem-a-kum, sub-chief, his x mark.
Ets-sah-quat, Chem-a-kum, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kleh-a-kunst, Chem-a-kum, sub-chief, his x mark.
He-atl, Duke of Clarence, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Lach-ka-nam, or Lord Nelson, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Tchotest, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Hoot-ore St, or General Lane, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
To-totesh, S'klallarn, sub-chief, his x mark.
Hah-kwia-mihl, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Skai-se-ee, or Mr. Newman, S'klaI lain, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kahs-sahs-a-mati, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
S'hote-eh-stan, S'klallarn, sub-chief, his x mark.
Lah-st, or Tom, S'klallarn, sub chief, his x mark.
Tuls-met-tum, Lord Jim, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Yaht-le-min, or General Taylor, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kla-koisht, or Captain, Sliklallarn, sub-chief, his x mark.
Sna-tale, or General Scott, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Tseh-a-take, or Tom Benton, S'klal lam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Yah-kwi-e-nook, or General,Gaines, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kai-at-lah, or General Lane, Jr., S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Captain Jack, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
He-aeh-kate, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
T'soh-as-hau, or General Harrison, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Kwah-nalt-sote, S'klallam, sub chief, his x mark.
S'hoke-tan, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Paid, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark
Wen-a-hap, S'klallarn, sub-chief, his x mark.
Klew-sum-ah, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Se-att-home-tau, S'klallam, sub-chief, his x mark.
Tsat-sat-hoot, S'klallam tribe, his x mark.
Pe-an-ho, S'klallam tribe, his x mark.
Yi-ah-hum, or John Adams, S'klallain tribe, his x mark.
Ti-itch-stan, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Soo-yahntch, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Ttseh-a-take, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. He-ats-at-soot, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Tow-oots-hoot, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Tsheh-ham, or General Pierce, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Kwin-nas-sum, or George, S'klallain tribe, his x mark. Hai-ahts, John, S'klallarn tribe, his x mark. Hai-otest, John, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Seh-win-num, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. Yai-tst, or George, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. He-pail, or John, S'klallarn tribe, his x mark. Slimre, or John, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. T'klalt-soot, or Jack, S'klallam,tribe, his x mark. S'tai-tan, or Sam, S'klallarn tribe, his x mark. Hut-tets-oot, S'klallam tribe, his x mark. How-a-owl, S'klallam tribe, his x mark.

Executed in the presence of us
M. T. Simmons,
C. H. Mason, secretary Washington Territory,
Benj. F. Shaw, interpreter,
John H. Scranton,
Josiah P. Keller,
C. M. Hitchcock, M.D.,
A. B. Gove,
H. A. Goldsborough,
B. J. Madison,
F. A. Rowe,
Jas. M. Hunt,
George Gibbs, secretary,
John J. Reilly,
Robt. Davis,
S. S. Ford, Jr.,
H. D. Cock,
Orrington Cushman,
J. Conklin.
 
Source: Indian Affairs. Laws and Treaties. Vol. II. (Treaties.) Compiled and Edited by Charles J.
Kappler, LL. M., Clerk to the Senate Committee on Indian Affairs. Washington: Government Printing
Office. 1904.